Why did my Epson printer quit working

You have a "Genuine Epson only" model where they use ink DRM to block 3rd party carts in firmware :-(. It's a 2-way attack: Track chip IDs so when you can reset the cart, the printer remembers it and permanently bricks it, blocking 3rd party vendor's chip ID in firmware and any workarounds used to bypass the block they put in place. Here’s the issue: unless you can downgrade the firmware (if they don't block it, and you can bypass any version checks in recovery mode, or modify a "current" installer; the workaround varies so wildly I can't say which will work) and the file is available from a 3rd party that isn’t Epson you are screwed when these updates block 3rd party ink carts.

You can either re-chip the carts if 3rd party chips are available or buy a set from a vendor who hasn’t had their workaround blocked by Epson. Also, MAKE SURE you disable the automatic firmware update "feature" if you use 3rd party ink for this exact reason — a working set of ink can suddenly stop working when you update it or let the machine or computer do it. Check your settings and see; it’s generally under the update menu but it may be different on some models.

Here's an example of the "rechip" fix: I had 2 carts with a matching chip I could EASILY swap out (C3210K0 and a locked cart from god knows where; it was in a cartridge lot unused) so I swapped the unusable SWP chip for a retail 1.5k chip; I have my printer overridden and can do so I can reuse the "low" chip freely. I need to monitor the prints with my chip swap operation much like an old-school chipless laser. I suspect the black carts will be good to rechip (at the expense of warranty from the 3rd party company) being these lack the infamous wetness sensor they added to the grey cart printers with the 88/69 and carried it until the black cart era because the EU shut them down. Those weren't easily rechipped; the sensor-free carts are fair game. However, I still hate this is what it came to; the old wetness carts could be reset at 30% or more with a resetter since Epson did not track chip IDs BUT bricked them at 25% or whenever it threw the triangle*; and that was the way to do it (no chip ID tracking; if it had the EPSON string, no popups occurred). Now Epson blocks your old chip so you have to replace the chip and then they bulk block common chip IDs so you can never update the firmware due to the risk of a shutdown :-(. Find a good supplier, a glue that comes off easily, and be ready to replace the chip.
*Note about "grey cart" models today if you still use OEM ink for some reason: Epson swapped OEM chips so they stop being recognized when they run out today. They no longer throw the death X; may not be resettable. I suspect it's the same but I'm not about to get an old Epson like an NX gray cart, unclog it knowing it's been on the shelf for weeks with no use, run $80+ of ink down to 30%, refill and reset and then try it.