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Background and Identification

A stretcher, litter, or pram is a device used for moving patients who require medical care. Basic stretchers (also called cots or litters) must generally be carried by two or more people. A wheeled stretcher (also called a gurney, trolley, bed, or cart) generally includes variable height frames, wheels, tracks, or skids to make transportation easier. Wheeled stretchers are also sometimes called gurneys.

Stretchers are traditionally used in out-of-hospital care situations by emergency medical services (EMS), military, and search and rescue personnel. Early stretchers were generally made of wicker over a frame, and simple stretchers were commonly used by militaries through the mid-20th century.

Ferno is a manufacturer of emergency stretchers that are designed for safety through stability and lightweight materials. Ferno also produces rescue stretchers, litters, and stretcher chairs. The company also sells stretcher accessories like wheel cups and recessed post cups that allow caregivers to secure stretchers during transport.

Simple stretchers are typically made of canvas or other synthetic material suspended between two poles or tubular aluminum frame. A folding stretcher (also called a top deck or collapsible stretcher) features one or more hinged points to allow the stretcher to be collapsed into a more compact form. A Roberson orthopedic stretcher or scoop stretcher is used for lifting patients; the two ends of the stretcher can be detached from each other, splitting the stretcher into two longitudinal halves.

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